Program 50 - CSU1128 - CSE 2026 - Shoolini University

Program to generate rhombus (Program 32) by using the number entered by the user through function recursion

Explanation

The program generates a rhombus pattern using the number entered by the user through function recursion. The rhombus is formed by printing a symmetrical pattern of numbers.

Header

The code begins with including the standard input-output header file using #include <stdio.h>.

Function Declaration

The program declares a recursive function print_rhombus to print a row of the rhombus:

void print_rhombus(int d, int m);: Declares the function with two integer parameters d and m.

Variable Declaration

The main() function is defined, and a variable is declared:

int d: Variable to hold the number entered by the user.

Program Description

The program prints a description message for the user to understand its functionality.

User Input

The user is prompted to enter a number:

printf("Enter a number for which you want to print its triangle and its reverse to form a rhombus (Example: 4 = 4 3 2 1 2 3 4) - and press enter: ");: Prompts the user to enter a number.
scanf("%d", &d);: Reads the number and stores it in d.

Print Rhombus

The program prints the rhombus pattern:

print_rhombus(d, 0);: Calls the recursive function to print the upper half of the rhombus.
for (int m = 1; m <= d; m++): Loops through each row to print the lower half of the rhombus.
for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++): Prints the leading spaces for the current row.
for (int l = d; l >= m; l--): Prints the decreasing sequence of numbers in the current row.
for (int o = 1; o <= d - m; o++): Prints the increasing sequence of numbers in the current row.

Function Definition

The program defines the print_rhombus function:

void print_rhombus(int d, int m): Defines the function with two integer parameters d and m.
for (int j = 1; j <= d - m; j++): Prints the leading spaces for the current row.
for (int o = 1; o <= m; o++): Prints the decreasing sequence of numbers in the current row.
for (int l = d - m; l <= d; l++): Prints the increasing sequence of numbers in the current row.
printf("\n");: Prints a newline after each row.
if (m < d): Calls the function recursively to print the next row.
print_rhombus(d, m + 1);: Recursive call to print the next row.

Program End

The program ends with return 0; to indicate successful execution.

Code

                    
/*
 * -----------------------------------------------------------
 * Logic Building with Computer Programming (CSU1128)
 * Instructor: Dr. Pankaj Vaidya | Author: Divya Mohan
 * 
 * This code is a part of the educational initiative by dmj.one
 * with aim of empowering and inspiring learners in the field of
 * Computer Science and Engineering through the respective courses.
 * 
 * (c) 2022, Divya Mohan for dmj.one. All rights reserved.
 * -----------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include <stdio.h>

void print_rhombus();

int main()
{
    printf("\n\n Program to generate rhombus (Program 32) by using the number entered by the user through function recursion. \n\n");

    // Read the number from the user
    printf("Enter a number for which you want to print its triangle and its reverse to form a rhombus (Example: 4 = 4 3 2 1 2 3 4) - and press enter: ");
    int d;
    scanf("%d", &d);
    printf("\n Rhombus for the entered range %d is: \n", d);

    // Print the upper half of the rhombus
    print_rhombus(d, 0);

    // Print the lower half of the rhombus
    for (int m = 1; m <= d; m++)
    {
        // Print the leading spaces for the current row
        for (int j = 1; j <= m; j++)
        {
            printf("  ");
        }

        // Print the numbers in the current row
        for (int l = d; l >= m; l--)
        {
            printf(" %d", l);
        }
        for (int o = 1; o <= d - m; o++)
        {
            printf(" %d", o + m);
        }
        printf("\n");
    }

    return 0;
}

// Declare a recursive function to print a row of the rhombus
void print_rhombus(int d, int m)
{
    // Print the leading spaces for the current row
    for (int j = 1; j <= d - m; j++)
    {
        printf("  ");
    }

    // Print the numbers in the current row
    for (int o = 1; o <= m; o++)
    {
        printf(" %d", d + 1 - o);
    }
    for (int l = d - m; l <= d; l++)
    {
        printf(" %d", l);
    }
    printf("\n");

    // Call the function recursively to print the next row
    if (m < d)
    {
        print_rhombus(d, m + 1);
    }
}

Output

Program to generate rhombus (Program 32) by using the number entered by the user through function recursion.

Enter a number for which you want to print its triangle and its reverse to form a rhombus (Example: 4 = 4 3 2 1 2 3 4) - and press enter: 4
Rhombus for the entered range 4 is:

4
4 3 4
4 3 2 3 4
4 3 2 1 2 3 4
4 3 2 1 0 1 2 3 4
4 3 2 1 2 3 4
4 3 2 3 4
4 3 4
4